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Contribution Details

Type Journal Article
Scope Discipline-based scholarship
Title Contracts as reference points—experimental evidence
Organization Unit
Authors
  • Ernst Fehr
  • Oliver Hart
  • Christian Zehnder
Item Subtype Original Work
Refereed Yes
Status Published in final form
Language
  • English
Journal Title American Economic Review
Publisher American Economic Association
Geographical Reach international
ISSN 0002-8282
Volume 101
Number 2
Page Range 493 - 525
Date 2011
Abstract Text Hart and John Moore (2008) introduce new behavioral assumptions that can explain long-term contracts and the employment relation. We examine experimentally their idea that contracts serve as reference points. The evidence confirms the prediction that there is a trade-off between rigidity and flexibility. Flexible contracts—which would dominate rigid contracts under standard assumptions—cause significant shading in ex post performance, while under rigid contracts much less shading occurs. The experiment appears to reveal a new behavioral force: ex ante competition legitimizes the terms of a contract, and aggrievement and shading occur mainly about outcomes within the contract. (JEL D44, D86, J41)
Digital Object Identifier 10.1257/aer.101.2.493
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