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| Type | Bachelor's Thesis |
| Scope | Discipline-based scholarship |
| Title | Your Fair != My Fair? A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Fairness Perceptions in Algorithmic Decisions |
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| Institution | University of Zurich |
| Faculty | Faculty of Business, Economics and Informatics |
| Date | 2023 |
| Abstract Text | The importance of fairness in algorithmic decisions and artificial intelligence has grown continuously over the last years and the research on it has expanded to include the study of fairness perception. At the same time, the influence of cultural background on perception of fairness in algorithmic decisions remains largely unexplored in the do¬mains of cross-cultural fairness studies and fairness in artificial intelligence. The purpose of this thesis is to conduct a 3 (country, independent) x 2 (scenario, independent) x 3 (strategy, dependent) factorial design preliminary experiment to find out whether the perception of fairness in contexts of algorithmic decisions differs across cultures. To assess this, a survey was developed, detailing the use of an algorithm for decision making in a school admission and in a loan approval scenario, and how the employment of different fairness notions (independence, separation, and sufficiency) would influence those decisions. The survey was distributed online to 300 participants, 100 each per country (Germany, South Africa, and the United States of America), who were asked to rank the three fairness notions from fairest to least fair per scenario. The resulting data was analysed based on mean rank per strategy and rank frequency. Statistical tests employed to prove significance were not applicable to the data type at hand – neither ordinal, nor ranked. For further analysis, the 3 x 2 x 3 matrix was extended by the independent variables gender, age, and openness towards AI. The more independent variables were introduced to make specific statements, the more diverse the observed tendencies were. Nevertheless, results show a clear overall preference for one strategy as the fairest: separation. Except for scenario 1 in South Africa, where independence was ranked as fairest. The required insights on fairness perception in South African culture to explain this divergent tendency are not present in current literature on cross-cultural fairness. |
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