Christian Ewerhart, Patrick W Schmitz, Unvollständige Verträge und die Grenzen der Firma, Das Wirtschaftsstudium (WISU), Vol. 27 (8-9), 1998. (Journal Article)
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Martin Volk, The Automatic Translation of Idioms. Machine Translation vs. Translation Memory Systems, In: null, St. Augustin, 1998. (Book Chapter)
Translating idioms is one of the most difficult tasks for human translators and translation machines alike. The main problems consist in recognizing an idiom and in distinguishing idiomatic from non-idiomatic usage. Recognition is difficult since many idioms can be modified and others can be discontinuously spread over a clause. But with the help of systematic idiom collections and special rules the recognition of an idiom candidate is always possible. The distinction between idiomatic and non-idiomatic usage is more problematic. Sometimes this can be done by means of special words that are only used in an idiom. But in general this distinction is a question of semantics and pragmatics and therefore beyond the abilities of current translation systems. In this paper we investigate the requirements for automatically recognizing idioms and we check whether idiom recognition is possible within current translation systems, i.e. machine translation and translation memory systems. This is of current interest since the developers of translation systems have started to include huge idiom collections in their products. |
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Martin Volk, Markup of a Test Suite with SGML, In: Linguistic Databases. CSLI., p. 59 - 76, 1998. (Book Chapter)
Recently, there have been various attempts to set up a test suite covering the syntactic
phenomena of a natural language (cp. Flickinger et al. 1989, Nerbonne et al. 1993).
The latest effort is the TSNLP project (Test Suite for Natural Language Processing)
within the Linguistic Research and Engineering (LRE) framework sponsored by the
European Union (cp. Balkan et al. 1994). These test suites are meant for the testing of
NLP software regarding their coverage of syntactic phenomena. Volk 1995 showed that
a well-organised test suite can also be used to support incremental grammar development
and grammar documentation. The key issues in the organisation of a test suite are the
ease of extensibility and interchangeability as well as the avoidance of redundancy. We
have implemented a test suite, which is optimized for the avoidance of redundancy and
we report on the trade-off for extensibility and interchangeability. |
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Michael Hess, Diego Mollà Aliod, Jawad Berri, A Real World Implementation of Answer Extraction, In: Proceedings of 9th International Conference and Workshop on Database and Expert Systems. Workshop, Vienna, Austria, 1998. (Conference or Workshop Paper)
In this paper we describe ExtrAns, an answer extraction system. Answer extraction (AE) aims at retrieving those exact passages of a document that directly answer a given user question. AE is more ambitious than information retrieval and information extraction in that the retrieval results are phrases, not entire documents, and in that the queries may be arbitrarily specific. It is less ambitious than full-fledged question answering in that the answers are not generated from a knowledge base but looked up in the text of documents. The current version of ExtrAns is able to parse unedited Unix ``man pages'', and derive the logical form of their sentences. User queries are also translated into logical forms. A theorem prover then retrieves the relevant phrases, which are presented through selective highlighting in their context. |
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Sprachtechnologie und Computerlinguistik, In: \'equivalences 97. Die Akten. Computerwerkzeuge am Übersetzer-Arbeitsplatz: Theorie und Praxis, ASTTI. Schweizerischer Übersetzer-, Terminologen- und Dolmetscher-Verband, Bern, Switzerland, 1998. (Conference or Workshop Paper)
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Michael Hess, Antwortextraktion über beschränkten Bereichen, In: Proceedings of KONVENS-98, Bonn, Germany, 1998. (Conference or Workshop Paper)
Antwortextraktion (AE) ist ein realistischer Kompromiss zwischen vollautomatischer textbasierter Fragenbeantwortung einerseits und Informationsretrieval resp. Informationsextraktion anderseits. Ein AE-Prototyp wird beschrieben, der natürlichsprachliche Anfragen zum Inhalt der Unix-Handbücher durch präzises Lokalisieren der die Antworten enthaltenden Passagen in den Handbüchern beantwortet. Zwei Probleme allgemeineren Interesses werden dabei gelöst: 1. Die Behandlung unreduzierbarer Ambiguitäten (durch die Interpretation von Eindeutigkeit als Retrievalrelevanz und durch die Repräsentation syntaktischer Mehrdeutigkeiten als unterspezifizierte logische Terme); 2. das effiziente Schlussfolgern in einer komplexen Wissensbasis durch Inferenzprozeduren mit variabler Tiefe und Breite. |
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Andreas Majer, Gerhard Schwabe, Einführung von Telekooperation in der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, In: Hermann, T.; Just-Hahn, K.:Groupware und organisatorische Innovation, Tagungsband der Deutschen Computer Supported Cooperative Work - DCSCW 98, Teubner, Wiesbaden, Deutschland, 1998-01-01. (Conference or Workshop Paper published in Proceedings)
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Gerhard Schwabe, Pilotierung von Telekooperation, Kohlhammer, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland, 1998. (Book/Research Monograph)
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Gerhard Schwabe, Stephan Wilczek, Helmut Krcmar, From Analysis to Interface Design - The Cuparla-Example, In: Laudon/Laudon: Management of Information Systems, Prentice Hall, Prentice Hall, p. 0, 1998. (Book Chapter)
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Helmut Krcmar, Gerhard Schwabe, Telekooperation - Eine Chance für neue Arbeitsformen in innovativen Organisationen, In: Wissensmanagement - Schritte zum intelligenten Unternehmen, Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg, Deutschland, p. 93 - 105, 1998. (Book Chapter)
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Gerhard Schwabe, Bernd Vöhringer, Computerunterstützung der Parlamentsarbeit - ein Baustein zum Umbau der Verwaltung, Verwaltung & Management, Vol. 4 (3), 1998. (Journal Article)
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Gerhard Schwabe, Helmut Krcmar, Wettbewerb als Einführungsstrategie von Telekooperation für Entscheidungsträger, Wirtschaftsinformatik (3), 1998. (Journal Article)
Der Artikel faßt die Erfahrungen bei der Einführung von Telekooperationstechnologie für Entscheidungsträger zusammen: Im Projekt Cuparla (Computerunterstützte Parlamentsarbeit), das Gemeinderäte inden Städten Stuttgart und Kornwestheim verband, spielte der Wettbewerb untereinander eine große Rolle bei der Nutzung der Technologie.
- Wettbewerb mit den Kollegen ist gerade für Entscheidungsträger ein auch sozialer Anreiz zur persönlichen Nutzung von Telekooperationstechnologie.
- Telekooperation kann für den Wettbewerb auf der Ebene des Individuums, der Gruppe, der Organisation und zwischen Organisationen Wirkung entfalten, d.h., es gibt meist mehrere Ansatzpunkte, um Wettbewerb als Anreiz für die Systemnutzung zu verwenden.
- Eine Einführungsstrategie sollte daher so angelegt sein, daß Entscheidungsträger durch die Nutzung von Telekooperationstechnologie zumindest zeitweise ein Wettbewerbsvorteil erreichen oder ein Wettbewerbsnachteil vermeiden können. Geschickt eingesetzt, kann Wettbewerb untereinander auch Anfänger direkt zur Nutzung führen. |
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Gerhard Schwabe, Stuttgarter Stadträte proben ehrenamtlich Arbeit online, Computerwoche, Vol. 25 (1), 1998. (Journal Article)
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Gerhard Schwabe, Helmut Krcmar, Innovative Telekooperationssysteme in der öffentlichen Verwaltung, Finanzwirtschaft, Vol. 52 (3), 1998. (Journal Article)
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Gerhard Schwabe, Lohnender Mehrwert, Der Gemeinderat, Vol. 41 (1), 1998. (Journal Article)
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Abraham Bernstein, The Product Workbench: An Environment for the Mass-Customization of Production-Processes (inproceedings), In: Workshop on Information Technology and Systems (WITS), 1998. (Conference or Workshop Paper)
This article investigates how to support process enactment in highly flexible organizations. First it develops the requirements for such a support system. Then it proposes a prototype implementation, which offers its users the equivalent of a CAD/CAM-like tool for designing and supporting business processes. The tool enables end.users to take flexible building blocks of a production process, reassemble them to fit the specific needs of a particulr case and finally exports its description to process support systems like workflow management systems. |
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Abraham Bernstein, Christian P. Schucan, Document and Process Transformation During the Product Life-Cycle (incollection), In: Information and Process Integration in Enterprises - Rethinking Documents, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, 1998. (Book Chapter)
Based on our experiences in the corporate banking department of the Union Bank of Switzerland we are convinced that business, IT and organizational aspects have to be considered in an integrated way while developing IT-strategies. IT-strategies are crucial for an effective (business) development because they identify the constant and the changing parts of an IT infrastructure during product life cycle. In order to achieve this, we state three design invariants: the deep structure of the process, the dependencies within the process, and the information handled. We believe that identifying these invariants will lead to a deeper understanding of product-life-cycles. |
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Gerhard Schwabe, Helmut Krcmar, Wettbewerb als Einfuehrungsstrategie von Telekooperation fuer Entscheidungstraeger - Erfahrungen aus dem Projekt Cuparla, Wirtschaftsinformatik, Vol. 40, 1998. (Journal Article)
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René Schaad, Representation and execution of situated action sequences, University of Zurich, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Information Technology, 1998. (Dissertation)
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Dirk Jonscher, Access control in object-oriented federated database systems, University of Zurich, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Information Technology, 1998. (Dissertation)
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