Marcus Hagedorn, A Monetary Model with Strong Liquidity Effects, In: Working paper series / Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, No. No. 353, 2007. (Working Paper)
This paper studies the joint business cycle dynamics of innation, money growth, nominal and real interest rates and the velocity of money. I extend and estimate a standard cash and credit monetary model by adding idiosyncratic preference shocksnto cash consumption as well as a banking sector. The estimated model accounts very well for the business cycle data, a finding that standard monetary models have not been able to generate. I find that the quantitative performance of the model is explained through substantial liquidity effects. |
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Urs Fischbacher, Christina M Fong, Ernst Fehr, Fairness, Errors and the Power of Competition, In: Working paper series / Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, No. No. 133, 2003. (Working Paper)
One of the most basic questions in economics concerns the effects of competition onnmarket prices. We show that the neglect of both fairness concerns and decision errors prevents ansatisfactory understanding of how competition affects prices. We conducted experiments whichndemonstrate that the introduction of even a very small amount of competition to a bilateralnexchange situation - by adding just one competitor - induces large behavioral changes amongnbuyers and sellers, causing large changes in market prices. Models that assume that all people arenself-interested and fully rational fail to explain these changes satisfactorily. In contrast, a modelnthat combines heterogeneous fairness concerns with decision errors predicts all comparative staticneffects of changes in competition correctly. Moreover, the combined model enables us to predictnthe entire distribution of prices in many different competitive situations remarkably well. |
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Björn Bartling, Klaus M Schmidt, Reference points in renegotiations: The role of contracts and competition, In: Working paper series / Department of Economics, No. 89, 2012. (Working Paper)
Several recent papers argue that contracts provide reference points that affect ex post behavior. We test this hypothesis in a canonical buyer-seller relationship with renegotiation. Our paper provides causal experimental evidence that an initial contract has a highly significant and economically important impact on renegotiation behavior that goes beyond the effect of contracts on bargaining threatpoints. We compare situations in which an initial contract is renegotiated to strategically equivalent bargaining situations in which no ex ante contract was written. The ex ante contract causes sellers to ask for markups that are 45 percent lower than in strategically equivalent bargaining situations without an initial contract. Moreover, buyers are more likely to reject given markups in renegotiations than in negotiations. We do not find that these effects are stronger when the initial contract is concluded under competitive rather than monopolistic conditions. |
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Michelle S. Sovinsky, John C Ham, Daniela Iorio, Race, social class, and bulimia nervosa, In: Working paper series / Department of Economics, No. 86, 2012. (Working Paper)
In this paper we explore a serious eating disorder, bulimia nervosa (BN), which afflicts a surprising number of girls in the US. We challenge the long-held belief that BN primarily affects high income White teenagers, using a unique data set on adolescent females evaluated regarding their tendencies towards bulimic behaviors independent of any diagnoses or treatment they have received. Our results reveal that African Americans are more likely to exhibit bulimic behavior than Whites; as are girls from low income families compared to middle and high income families. We use another data set to show that who is diagnosed with an eating disorder is in accord with popular beliefs, suggesting that African American and low-income girls are being under-diagnosed for BN. Our findings have important implications for public policy since they provide direction to policy makers regarding which adolescent females are most at risk for BN. Our results are robust to different model specifications and identifying assumptions. |
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Benjamin Jonen, Simon Scheuring, Time-varying international diversification and the forward premium, In: SSRN, No. 1787370, 2011. (Working Paper)
This paper reproduces the slope of the uncovered interest rate parity (UIP) regression for six different country pairs within one standard deviation under rational expectations. While standard theory predicts a slope of one, the empirically observed slope of the regression of currency returns on the interest rate differential between two countries is negative for most country pairs. This empirical fact that, on average, investors require higher returns on bonds denominated in a currency expected to appreciate, poses a strong challenge for economic models. In this paper, we propose a potential explanation within an infinite horizon dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with incomplete markets. Heterogenous investors experience varying risk aversion as a result of habit formation. The underlying mechanism of the model relies on varying international diversification in the investors’ portfolio choice decision. In response to their changing habit levels, investors’ hedging desire varies over time, leading to adjustments in interest rates. The habit-induced investment decisions are negatively correlated with exchange rate movements. This leads to a negative correlation between interest rates and expected exchange rates, as implied by a negative UIP slope. Depending on the magnitude of habits, the model is capable of reproducing positive as well as negative UIP slopes, as seen empirically in the data. |
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Regula Geel, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Career entry and success after tertiary vocational education, In: Swiss Leading House "Economics of Education" Working Paper, No. 52, 2011. (Working Paper)
Using the Swiss Graduate Survey, we study how the type of tertiary education an individual chooses (i.e., vocational or academic) influences career entry and labor market success after graduation. Our results show that vocational graduates face less risky career entry than academic graduates. Considering endogenous educational choice by using parental education as an instrument, we find higher returns for vocational tertiary education. In the longer term, initial educational type effects disappear, so vocational and academic graduates face the same risk and return. Therefore, career entry for vocational graduates compares favorably to that of academic graduates, while career success for both educational types equalizes over time. |
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Christian Pfeifer, Simon Janssen, Philip Yang, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Effects of training on employee suggestions and promotions in an internal labor market, In: IZA Discussion Papers, No. 5671, 2011. (Working Paper)
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Uschi Backes-Gellner, Yvonne Oswald, Simone Tuor Sartore, Part-time work and employer-provided training: boon to women and bane to men?, In: Swiss Leading House "Economics of Education" Working Paper, No. 58, 2011. (Working Paper)
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Uschi Backes-Gellner, Jens Mohrenweiser, Kerstin Pull, When does regulation bite? Co-determination and nature of employment relations, In: Institute for Strategy and Business Economics Working Paper Series, No. 147, 2011. (Working Paper)
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B Unger, K Pull, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Composition and performance of research training groups, In: ISU Working Paper, No. 130, 2010. (Working Paper)
This chapter analyzes how one particular governance mechanism affects the performance of research teams. We look at an external requirement for interdisciplinarity and internationality of Research Training Groups (RTGs) and study how their performance is affected. We expect to observe two countervailing effects with changes in interdisciplinarity and/or internatio-nality: first, increased performance due to an increase in productive resources and a second, decreased performance due to increased team problems (communication, conflicts etc). Since both effects are expected to vary with the disciplinary field of research, we separate our analysis for the Humanities & Social Sciences in comparison to the Natural & Life Sciences and indeed find different effects in the different disciplinary fields. Furthermore, we separately analyze the effects of interdisciplinarity on the one hand and internationality on the other hand. We conclude that the effectiveness of a particular governance mechanism varies substantially between the disciplinary fields and for the type of heterogeneity under consideration. Therefore governance of research should be either precisely engineered to a particular disciplinary field and a given type of heterogeneity or it should offer a menu of options that allows research teams to choose from according to their specific needs. |
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P Ryan, K Wagner, S Teuber, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Corporate ownership and initial training in Britain, Germany and Switzerland, In: Swiss Leading House "Economics of Education" Working Paper, No. 55, 2010. (Working Paper)
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R Geel, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Earning while learning: labor market returns to student employment during tertiary education, In: Swiss Leading House "Economics of Education" Working Paper, No. 49, 2010. (Working Paper)
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T Zwick, J Mohrenweiser, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Poaching and Firm-Sponsored Training, In: Swiss Leading House "Economics of Education" Working Paper, No. 51, 2017. (Working Paper)
A series of seminal theoretical papers argues that poaching of employees may hamper company-sponsored general training like apprenticeship training in Germany. Empirically however, the existence and extent of poaching still remains an open question. We provide a novel empirical strategy to identify poaching and investigate its causes and consequences. We find that only a few apprenticeship training firms in Germany are poaching victims or raiders. Poaching victim firms are more likely to be in a temporary downturn and raiding firms are more likely to increase their workforce. Poaching victims hardly change their training strategy after poaching. Thus, poaching is a transitory event and not a general threat to apprenticeship training. This is an important result for countries that intend to introduce apprenticeship type of training and need to convince firms to participate in their endeavour. |
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P Ryan, K Wagner, S Teuber, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Trainee pay in Britain, Germany and Switzerland: markets and institutions, In: SKOPE Research Paper, No. 96, 2010. (Working Paper)
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C Pfeifer, S Janssen, P Yang, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Training participation of an aging workforce in an internal labor market, In: University of Lüneburg Working Paper Series in Economics, No. 170, 2010. (Working Paper)
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D Bessey, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Marijuana consumption, educational outcomes and labor market success: evidence from Switzerland, In: Swiss Leading House "Economics of Education" Working Paper, No. 43, 2009. (Working Paper)
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Uschi Backes-Gellner, S Veen, The impact of aging and age diversity on company performance, In: ISU Working Paper, No. 78, 2009. (Working Paper)
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Simone Tuor Sartore, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Time - even more costly than money: training costs of workers and firms, In: Swiss Leading House "Economics of Education" Working Paper, No. 46, 2009. (Working Paper)
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S Janssen, Uschi Backes-Gellner, What difference do beliefs make? Gender job associations and work climate, In: ISU Working Paper, No. 107, 2009. (Working Paper)
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S Veen, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Alter und Produktivität: Betriebswirtschaftlich relevante Erkenntnisse der Alternsforschung im Überblick, In: ISU Working Paper, No. 83, 2008. (Working Paper)
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