Christoph Gort, Overconfidence and active management: An empirical study across Swiss pension plans, Journal of Behavioral Finance, Vol. 10 (2), 2009. (Journal Article)
Pension plans in Switzerland favor active management over indexing to implement their strategic asset allocation. Empirical surveys show, however, that their success has been below expectations, as the median performance of Swiss pension plans in domestic and international equities is below market indices even gross of fees. The results of this paper's survey across decisionmakers of Swiss pension plans sheds some light on why active management is still so popular across Swiss pension plans. On average the participants in the sample are prone to the better-than-average-effect. A majority expects their managers and their overall pension plan to outperform the other survey participants in the future. The subjective perceptions of the own skill level relative to the competitors can explain the popularity of active management across Swiss pension plans. |
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Men-Andri Benz, Leif Brandes, Egon Franck, Do Soccer Associations Really Spend on a Good Thing? Empirical Evidence on Heterogeneity in the Consumer Response to Match Uncertainty of Outcome, Contemporary Economic Policy, Vol. 27 (2), 2009. (Journal Article)
The purpose of this study is to analyze whether previous results describing the effect of uncertainty of outcome on match attendance in team sports have been driven by heterogeneity in fan demand. We apply censored quantile regression methods and place particular emphasis on the relationship between match uncertainty and attendance demand, as previous results are highly ambiguous. This is more surprising, as each season association and league officials continue to spend millions on enhancing this uncertainty. We also control for season ticket holders, who are unlikely to be influenced by match specificities. Based on data from German soccer, our results indicate that fan demand shows heterogeneity across quantiles and that increasing match uncertainty of outcome exclusively benefits teams who already face strong attendance demand. |
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Conrad Meyer, L Dünhaupt, Leasinggeschäfte nach Swiss GAAP FER: eine konzeptionelle Analyse, Der Schweizer Treuhänder, Vol. 83 (4), 2009. (Journal Article)
Leasinggeschäfte sind gemäss Swiss GAAP FER nach ihrem wirtschaftlichen Gehalt und nicht nach Massgabe der rechtlichen Form anzusetzen. Die Problematik liegt dabei
in der Beurteilung der rechtlichen und wirtschaftlichen Sachverhalte, die in Swiss GAAP FER 13 explizit geregelt wird. Der Beitrag zeigt, unter welchen Voraussetzungen und auf welche Art eine Bilanzierung von Leasinggeschäften im Rahmen der Swiss GAAP FER vorzunehmen ist und welche bilanziellen Konsequenzen sich ergeben. |
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Katja Rost, Margit Osterloh, Management Fashion Pay-for-Performance for CEOs, Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), Vol. 61 (4), 2009. (Journal Article)
We show theoretically and empirically that Pay-for-Performance, like many management fashions, has not achieved its intended aim. Our research focuses on previous
empirical studies that examine the relation between variable executive pay and firm performance on various different dates. Our results indicate that a variable CEO income contributes very little to the increase of the firm’s performance, and that CEO salary and firm performance are not linked. The example of Pay-for-Performance shows that in the long run, many management fashions do not solve the problems that they promise to
solve. |
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Leif Brandes, Egon Franck, P Theiler, The Effect from National Diversity on Team Production - Empirical Evidence from the Sports Industry, Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), Vol. 61 (2), 2009. (Journal Article)
We analyze the effect of national diversity on sports team performance. Due to language
barriers, we expect the team’s productivity to decrease with the number of
nationalities, but that the introduction of further nations and further aspects of different
cultures might lead to additional skills within the team. We test our hypothesis
on a seasonal individual team basis. We do not find that national diversity among
team members significantly influences a team’s performance. However, we find that
the influence of national diversity on team performance depends on the nature of the
underlying task. |
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W Kirsch, David Seidl, D van Aaken, Unternehmensführung. Eine evolutionäre Perspektive, Schäffer-Poeschel Verlag, Stuttgart, 2009-04. (Book/Research Monograph)
Die Unternehmenspraxis ist nicht nur durch Vertragsgestaltungen, monetäre Anreizsysteme und erst recht nicht durch optimale Entscheidungen im Sinne der Entscheidungslogik geprägt. Wenn man einen realistischen Eindruck von der Praxis der Unternehmen und der Unternehmensführung vermitteln will, rückt die Politik in und von Unternehmen, die begrenzten Informationskapazitäten der Entscheider, die vielfältigen Wirkungszusammenhänge zwischen Strategien, Zielen, Strukturen und Personen in den Vordergrund. Davon handelt dieses Buch.
Die Autoren beschreiben eine Führungslehre, welche systematisch die Offenheit der Zukunft in den Mittelpunkt rückt und zugleich auf eine Vielzahl wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen zurückgreift. Der dadurch ermöglichte differenzierte Blick hilft den Akteuren, sich in der Unternehmenspraxis besser zurechtzufinden. |
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Matthias Doepke, Fabrizio Zilibotti, International labor standards and the political economy of child-labor regulation, Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 7 (2-3), 2009. (Journal Article)
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P C Wichardt, D Schunk, P W Schmitz, Participation costs for responders can reduce rejection rates in ultimatum bargaining, Economics Letters, Vol. 103 (1), 2009. (Journal Article)
This paper reports data from an ultimatum mini-game in which
responders first had to choose whether or not to participate. Participation was costly, but the participation cost was smaller than the minimum payoff
that a responder could guarantee himself in the ultimatum game. Compared to a standard treatment, we find that the rejection rate of unfavorable offers is significantly reduced when participation is costly. A possible explanation
based on cognitive dissonance is offered. |
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Raphael Schär, Ein Co-Browsing System für das Reisebüro der Zukunft, University of Zurich, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Information Technology, 2009. (Master's Thesis)
The travel industry has been subject to change in the past few years because of the develop-
ment of the internet. As part of the study ""The travel agency of the future""we look for new
possibilities to make the phone consultancy more attractive using a groupware system.
In this work we are going to illustrate the fundamentals for designing such a system. By means
of stakeholder interviews, literature research and the analysis of existing systemswewill gather
the requirements for such a system. The focus of our work is a co-browsing system, which
allows the collaborative and visual support of a counseling interview. In order to test the user
acceptance, we test the requirements based on a developed prototype in several stages. |
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Thierry Bourquin, Aufbau einer automatisierten Testumgebung für das PM-Game, University of Zurich, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Information Technology, 2009. (Bachelor's Thesis)
In this project a fully automated testing unit is built for the “PM Game”, developed by the institute of
educational engineering. The software selection results presented are based on self defined criteria.
Furthermore, the need and the defined form for use cases is also explained. The development of the
test cases are based on the predefined use cases in an exact defined form. For the recording in
AppPerfect, the test cases are bundled in test sequences. To guarantee flexibility for the use of
recorded tests on other releases of the PM Game, parameters like coordinates and “access paths”
have to be replaceable. The needed modifications are explained in form of an operating manual. |
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Nancy Qian, David Yanagizawa-Drott, The strategic determinants of U.S. human rights reporting: evidence from the Cold War, Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 7 (2-3), 2009. (Journal Article)
This paper uses a country-level panel data set to test the hypothesis that the United States biases its human rights reports of countries based on the latters' strategic value. We use the difference between the U.S. State Department's and Amnesty International's reports as a measure of U.S. “bias.” For plausibly exogenous variation in strategic value to the U.S., we compare this bias between U.S. Cold War (CW) allies to non-CW allies, before and after the CW ended. The results show that allying with the U.S. during the CW significantly improved reports on a country's human rights situation from the U.S. State Department relative to Amnesty International. |
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Jakob Svensson, David Yanagizawa-Drott, Getting prices right: the impact of the market information service in Uganda, Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 7 (2-3), 2009. (Journal Article)
The Market Information Service project in Uganda collected data on prices for the main agricultural commodities in major market centers and disseminated the information through local FM radio stations in various districts. Exploiting the variation across space between households with and without access to a radio, we find evidence suggesting that better-informed farmers managed to bargain for higher farm-gate prices on their surplus production. |
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Marc Chesney, Il faut réformer les bombes financières que sont les CDS, In: Les Echos, p. 1 - 2, 30 March 2009. (Newspaper Article)
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Erich Walter Farkas, Un besoin de contrôle, In: Le Temps, p. online, 30 March 2009. (Newspaper Article)
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B Glavic, G Alonso, Perm: Processing provenance and data on the same data model through query rewriting, In: 25th International Conference on Data Engineering, IEEE Computer Society, Shanghai, China., 2009-03-29. (Conference or Workshop Paper published in Proceedings)
Data provenance is information that describes how a given data item was produced. The provenance includes source and intermediate data as well as the transformations involved in producing the concrete data item. In the context of a relational databases, the source and intermediate data
items are relations, tuples and attribute values. The transformations are SQL queries and/or functions on the relational data items. Existing approaches capture provenance information by extending the underlying data model. This has the intrinsic disadvantage that the provenance must be stored and accessed using a different model than the actual data. In this paper, we present an alternative approach that uses query rewriting to annotate result tuples with provenance information. The rewritten query and its result use the same model and can, thus, be queried, stored and optimized using standard relational database techniques. In the paper we formalize the query rewriting procedures, prove their correctness, and evaluate a first implementation of the ideas using PostgreSQL. As the experiments indicate, our approach efficiently provides provenance information inducing only a small overhead on normal operations. |
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Philippe Widmer, Peter Zweifel, Anhaltende Debatte über die richtige Benotung von Spitälern: Eine Duplik aus Sicht der kritisierten Gesundheitsökonomen, In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 71, p. 27, 26 March 2009. (Newspaper Article)
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Matthias Hert, Gerald Reif, Harald Gall, Personal Knowledge Mapping with semantic web technologies, In: 1st International Workshop on Personal Knowledge Management at the 5th Conference on Professional Knowledge Management, 2009-03-25. (Conference or Workshop Paper published in Proceedings)
Semantic Web technologies promise great benefits for Personal Knowledge Management (PKM) and Knowledge Management (KM) in general when data needs to be exchanged or integrated. However, the Semantic Web also introduces new issues rooted in its distributed nature as multiple ontologies exist to encode data in the Personal Information Management (PIM) domain. This poses problems for applications processing this data as they would need to support all current and future PIM ontologies. In this paper, we introduce an approach that decouples applications from the data representation by providing a mapping service which translates Semantic Web data between different vocabularies. Our approach consists of the RDF Data Transformation Language (RDTL) to define mappings between different but related ontologies and the prototype implementation RDFTransformer to apply mappings. This allows the definition of mappings that are more complex than simple one-to-one matches. |
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B Glavic, G Alonso, Provenance for Nested Subqueries, In: 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology, ACM, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 2009-03-24. (Conference or Workshop Paper published in Proceedings)
Data provenance is essential in applications such as scientific computing, curated databases, and data warehouses. Several systems have been developed that provide provenance functionality for the relational data model. These systems support only a subset of SQL, a severe limitation in practice since most of the application domains that benefit from provenance information use complex queries. Such queries typically involve nested subqueries, aggregation and/or user defined functions. Without support for these constructs, a provenance management system is of limited use.
In this paper we address this limitation by exploring the problem of provenance derivation when complex queries are involved. More precisely, we demonstrate that the widely used definition of Why-provenance fails in the presence of nested subqueries, and show how the definition can be modified to produce meaningful results for nested subqueries. We further present query rewrite rules to transform an SQL query into a query propagating provenance. The solution introduced in this paper allows us to track provenance information for a far wider subset of SQL than any of the existing approaches. We have incorporated these ideas into the Perm provenance management system engine and used it to evaluate the feasibility and performance of our approach. |
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Igor Timko, Michael Hanspeter Böhlen, Johann Gamper, Sequenced spatio-temporal aggregation in road networks, In: EDBT '09: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology, ACM, New York, USA, 2009-03-24. (Conference or Workshop Paper published in Proceedings)
Many applications of spatio-temporal databases require support for sequenced spatio-temporal (SST) aggregation, e. g., when analyzing traffic density in a city. Conceptually, an SST aggregation produces one aggregate value for each point in time and space.This paper is the first to propose a method to efficiently evaluate SST aggregation queries for the COUNT, SUM, and AVG aggregation functions. Based on a discrete time model and a discrete, 1.5 dimensional space model that represents a road network, we generalize the concept of (temporal) constant intervals towards constant rectangles that represent maximal rectangles in the space-time domain over which the aggregation result is constant. We propose a new data structure, termed SST-tree, which extends the Balanced Tree for one-dimensional temporal aggregation towards the support for two-dimensional, spatio-temporal aggregation. The main feature of the Balanced Tree to store constant intervals in a compact way by using two counters is extended towards a compact representation of constant rectangles in the space-time domain. We propose and evaluate two variants of the SST-tree. The SSTT-tree and SSTH-tree use trees and hashmaps to manage spacestamps, respectively. Our experiments show that both solutions outperform a brute force approach in terms of memory and time. The SSTH-tree is more efficient in terms of memory, whereas the SSTT-tree is more efficient in terms of time. |
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Martina Halla, Friedrich Schneider, Alexander Wagner, The quality of institutions and satisfaction with democracy in Western Europe — A panel analysis, European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 25 (1), 2009. (Journal Article)
This paper analyses how institutional factors affect satisfaction with democracy (SWD). It employs a panel of observations from Eurobarometers in the time span 1990–2000, and thus is one of the first studies to consider the longitudinal dimension of the driving forces of SWD. We find that high-quality institutions like the rule of law, well-functioning regulation, low corruption, and other institutions that improve resource allocation have a positive effect on average satisfaction with democracy. |
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